山东省烟台市艾滋病流行特征及流行趋势分析

Epidemiological Characteristic and Trend of AIDS in Yantai City

目的 了解烟台市艾滋病的流行趋势,探讨其流行规律,为制定烟台市艾滋病防治策略提供依据。方法 对1992-2000年烟台市高危人群、重点人群HIV血清学监测资料,流行病学调查资料及7例HIV感染者进行基因亚型分析研究。结果 对31146人份血清进行监测,发现HIV感染者11例,阳性检出率0.035％,其中艾滋病病人1例已死亡,1998-2000年HIV感染率呈上升趋势。传播方式以血为主（72.72％）,其次为性途径（27.27％）,母婴传播还未发现。对7份感染者的PBMC进行序列测定和亚型分析,发现有A、E、B’3种亚型,2名回国劳工分别为A、E亚型,5名献血员为B’（泰国B’）亚型。结论 烟台市虽处在艾滋病流行的低感染阶段,但存在HIV感染的多样性和复杂性。经血传播依然是HIV流行的重要途径。

Objective To understand AIDS epidemic trend and pattern in Yantai City and provide basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies. Methods To analyse the epidemiolgical and serological data of high risk groups of population and target populations(from 1992 to 2000)and to identify genetic subtypes of seven cases of HIV infection. Results After examining 31 146 serum samples, eleven cases of HIV infection were identified, with a infection rate of 0.035% ,of which one died of AIDS. HIV infection rate rose distinctly from 1998 to 2000. Hemogenic infection ranked the first (72.72% )and the next was infection through sexual activities(27.27% ), and mother to infant infection was not found.By the sequence analysis of PBMC of seven cases of HIV infection, three subtypes, i.e:A、E、B' were identifieed.Subtypes A and E were isolated from two workers returning from abroad;subtype B' was from five blood donors.Conclusion Although Yantai remains at a stage of lower HIV prevalence, its routes of transmission are various and complicated, and transmission through blood is an important route of HIV infection in the city.