牵张成骨增高下颌后牙区牙槽嵴实验动物模型的建立

Use of canines in developing an experimental model for alveolar ridge augmentation at mandibular posterior area by distraction osteogenesis

目的 :探讨用犬建立牵张成骨增高下颌后牙区牙槽嵴实验动物模型的可行性。方法 :选用成年杂种犬 4只 ,拔除两侧下颌全部前磨牙和第 1磨牙 ,1个月后用完全埋置的钛镍记忆合金牵张器完成牵张手术。在牵张手术前、术后、术后 1周内的每日及牵张完成后 1个月 ,分别测量术区颌骨高度 ,并在术后、术后 1周及牵张完成后1个月拍X线片。结果 :牵张器就位后骨块即牵张升起 3～ 4 5mm ,术后 3～ 5d达最大值 ,为 7 5～ 11 5mm ,其后 1个月无明显变化。X线片可见牵张完成后 1个月牵张区骨密度增高 ,有新骨生成。结论 :用犬建立牵张成骨增高下颌后牙区牙槽嵴的动物模型是可行的 ,本模型稳定 。

Objective:To establish an animal model in canines for alveolar ridge augmentation at mandibular posterior area by distraction osteogenesis.Methods:All of the mandibular premolars and the first molar were extracted from four adult mongrel canines One month later,box shaped osteotomies of the alveolar bone were carried out and TiNi SMA (shape memory alloy) distractors were buried The bone height was measured before and after the operation,everyday of the first week, and one month after distracton The radiographs were taken on the day of,and1,5 weeks after the operation. Results: The transport segments were lifted up 3 0～4 5 mm immediately after the distractors inserted and the maximum was 7 5～11 5 mm,achieved on 3～5 days after the operation One month after distraction,no bone resorption was found and the radiographs showed the regenerating bone in distraction gap. Conclusion:Canine is a good animal for develeping an experimental model on study of alveolar ridge augmentation at mandibular posterior area by distraction osteogenesis.