水肥耦合对玉米光合特性及产量的影响

Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Photosynthetic Characteristic and Yield in Corn

利用可精确控制水分条件的水肥平衡场 ,在不同水肥耦合处理的条件下 ,研究了水肥耦合对玉米光合特性及产量的影响 ,结果表明 :不同水肥耦合处理的条件下 ,玉米的光合速率有所不同 ,气孔导度的变化与光合速率的变化表现基本一致 ,而对蒸腾速率、细胞间CO2 浓度影响不大。其中 ,在自然降水条件下 ,有机肥和无机肥的配合 ,有利于玉米子粒灌浆期维持较高的光合速率 ,表现出良好的产量潜力。充足水条件下 ,有机肥和无机肥的配合 ,光合速率及气孔导度表现较低 ,表现产量有所下降 ,说明供水量与施肥量之间有一个平衡系数。表明黑龙江省北部黑土区自然生态条件下 ,为充分发挥玉米的产量潜力 。

Using plots with water and fertilizer fully controlled,the effect of photosynthetic characteristic and yield under different treatments of water and fertilizer coupling was investigated.The result showed that photosynthetic rates are different among treatments of water and fertilizer coupling,and the change of stomatal conductivity is the same as photosynthetic rat.There is almost no influence on evaporation rate and cellular CO 2 concentration The combination of fertilizer and manure under natural rainfall is beneficial to the maintenance of photosynthetic rate during grain filling,thus results in highter yield and good quality.However,the coupling of fertilizer and manure with sufficient water results in the decline of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductivity,the yield decreased indicating there has a balance ratio between water and nutrients(fertilizer and manure)supply.The study proposed that the optimum management to exploring yield and qlality potential is the combination of fertilizer and manure application with no irrigation.