江苏省江滩地区血吸虫病流行状况及防治效果的纵向观察

STATUS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS TRANSMISSION AND LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATION ON IMPACT OF CONTROL PROGRAM IN MARSHLAND OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

目的 监测江苏省江滩地区血吸虫病的流行状况 ,评价防治效果。方法 1996～ 1999年在江苏省江滩地区设立 5个血吸虫病观察点 ,对螺情、病情等疫情指标以及防治措施进行纵向观察和监测分析。结果 疫情观察显示 ,江苏省江滩地区钉螺孳生地面广量大 ,钉螺感染性较高。居民感染率较低 ,但耕牛感染率较高 ,仍为该地区的主要传染源。防治措施实施后 ,观察区内阳性钉螺面积和密度明显下降 ,但有螺面积下降幅度较小 ;居民感染率有较大幅度下降 ;耕牛感染率未明显下降。结论 江苏省江滩未控制地区血吸虫病疫情处于较高水平 ,且有进一步沿长江向下游蔓延趋势。目前的防治措施对维持居民感染率在较低水平是行之有效的 。

Objectives To survey the schistosomiasis epidemic situation and observe the control effect in the marshland of the Yangtse River in Jiangsu Province. [WT5”HZ]Methods [WT5”BZ]Five observation pilots were set up in the marshland of Jiangsu Province from 1996 to 1999. The indexes of snail situation and disease situation, and control strategy, were surveyed longitudinally and analized. [WT5”HZ]Results [WT5”BZ]The snail area of marshland was broad, snail infection rate was high. Resident infection rate was low but cattle infection rate kept in the high level. Infected cattle still was the main infective resource in this area. After the implement of control program, the area and density of infected snails decreased obviously in the observation area, but the snail distribution area only decreased slightly. Resident infective rate decreased significanlly, but cattle infective rate had no obvious decline. [WT5”HZ]Conclusion [WT5”BZ]The schistosomiasis epidemic situation in the uncontrolled area of marshland in Jiangsu Province is still at the high level and the disease is spreading to lower reaches further more. The present control strategy to keep the resident infective rate at low level is effective, but it is difficult to decrease the epidemic continuously.