利用wx基因分子标记辅助选择培育糯性小麦

Application of Molecular Markers-assisted Selection of wx Genes in Breeding the waxy Wheat

利用中国春及其缺体－四体对ｗｘ－Ｂｌ基因的ＳＴＳ标记和ｗｘ－Ａｌ、ｗｘ－ｄｌ的微卫星（ＳＳＲ）标记进行了定位。联合应用这２种分子标记，对１２个小麦品种和５个高代糯麦株系做了鉴定，与Ｗｘ蛋白的ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ结果一致；从组合江苏白火麦×关东１０７的Ｆ２分离群体中筛选出８种ｗｘ基因型，其中３种基因型（ＡＤ同缺型，ＢＤ同缺型和糯型）为自然界中所没有，并且培育出了国内首批糯性小麦品系。另外，应用ＳＳＲ标记对江苏白火麦回交改良群体中个体进行辅助选择，得到了含ｗｘ－Ｄｌｂ的７Ｄ单体，为将来进一步改良糯性小麦的农艺性状提供广泛的遗传材料。利用ｗｘ基因分子标记辅助选择，可以加速培育糯性小麦的进程。

Chinese Spring and its null-tetrasomic lines were used to identify the specific bands of STS-marker and microsatellites (SSR) marker of wx genes. Twelve varieties and five waxy wheat lines were screened with these two markers, and the results are in agreement with those from Wx subunits SDS- PAGE. A F2 segregating population from cross Jiangsu Baihuomai× Kanto 107 was also detected by molecular markers, not only eight wx genotypes were developed while three genotypes did not exist in the nature, but also the first batch of waxy wheat lines were bred. The Jiangsu Bainuomai improvement population was screened, and six 7D momosomic plants with wx-Dlb were obtained, which could provide materials for waxy wheat breeding. Application molecular markers of wx genes will improve the selection procedure for the waxy wheat and good noodle-quality wheat.