PCR-RFLP技术鉴定ABO基因型的法医学应用研究

Study on the forensic application of ABO genotyping by PCR-RFLP

目的 建立 PCR－ RFLP、非变性 PAG胶垂直电泳和银染技术进行 ABO基因分型的方法体系，并对 200名广东汉族人群 ABO基因型频率进行了调查。方法 用 Chelex－ 100和酚、氯仿抽提法处理样本， PCR扩增后用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳和银染技术检测分型。结果 ABO位点特异性扩增片段长度为 175bp～ 210bp， 6种基因型频率分布为 0.025 0～ 0.430 0，杂合度 H值为 0.516 2，个体识别力 DP值为 0.711 1。结论 该方法可成功运用于血液、血痕、精斑、毛发、骨组织和混合斑等检材的个体识别及亲权鉴定的检验。

Objective The study was carried out on the application of ABO genotyping by PCR－ RFLP to forensic purpose. Methods The DNA of samples were extracted by Chelex－ 100 and phenol/chloroform, the PCR products were separated by Native Horizontal PAGE, and detected by silver staining. Results The PCR amplified fragment length of ABO loci is from 175 to 210bp, the frequency distribution of six genotypes ranges from 0.025 0 to 0.430 0, hetrozygosity(H) and discriminating power(Dp)is 0.516 2 and 0.711 1. Conclusion This technique has a good application to the forensic samples such as blood, blood stain, semen stain, hair root , bone tissue and semen from vaginal swabs.