小口径人工血管的研究进展

The Development on Small-caliber Prosthetic Graft

为提高小口径人工血管的远期通畅率 ,一方面需要寻找顺应性更好的材料 ;另一方面则是在现有人工血管内壁种植内皮细胞。这包括单期种植法 ,二期种植法以及自体静脉碎片快速种植法。用于种植的内皮细胞可来源于自体静脉、人脐静脉和皮下脂肪微血管。通过在人工血管内壁上衬附可吸收的细胞外黏附蛋白、细胞生长刺激因子 ,利用生物素与抗生物素蛋白的特异结合能力 ,或改变植入的内皮细胞的带电性 ,以及在体外对植入的内皮细胞进行流体切应力锻炼等方法 ,可以提高内皮细胞的黏附力。植入基因工程改造过的内皮细胞 。

In order to improve long term patency of small caliber prosthetic graft, we need to find some materials with better compliance. Endothelialization of vascular prostheses is also a good way to solve such problem. This includes single staged technique for endothelial cell seeding or sodding, technique of in vitro prelining of endothelial cells and rapid endothelialization of autologous venous tissue fragments. Endothelial cells can be harvested from autologous vein, human umbilical vein and liposuction derived cultured human microvascular endothelial cells. Immobilization of extracellular matrix protein and growth factor to substrates used to coat or fill prostheses may enhance the adherence of endothelial cells. Using Avidin Biotin binding or electrostatic endothelial cell transplantation technique also can do help to improve adherence ability of endothelial cells. Chronic in vitro shear stress stimulates endothelial cells retention on prosthetic vascular grafts. Seeding genetically modified endothelial cells to small caliber prosthetic graft is a hopeful way.