切花菊种苗脱毒及病毒检测技术研究

Study on the Techniques of De-virus and Quarantining to the Seedlings of Chrysanthemum

本项试验对6个品种的切花菊种苗的脱毒技术、病毒检测技术进行了研究，并进行了大田栽培验证。结果表明，茎尖培养可以有效脱除危害切花菊种苗的番茄不孕病毒（TAV）、菊花B病毒（CBV）、菊花花叶病毒（Chmv）；茎尖大小与脱毒效果及培养成活率关系极为密切，生产上以0.3～0.5mm大小为宜；取材部位、取材时间对脱毒具有一定影响；抗血清鉴定法中的间接酶联免疫法适合于切花菊种苗的病毒检测；大田栽培证明，与普通苗相比，切花菊脱毒苗可以使花枝粗度增加19.6％，切花合格率提高12.0％，大大提高了切花质量。

The techniques for de-virus and quarantining of Chrysanthemum（cut-flower breeds）seedlings of six breeds are studied. In the same time, the cultivation experiment was carried on. The experimental results show that Tomato aspermy Virus（TAV）,Chrysanthemum B Virus（CBV）, Chrysanthemum mosaic virus （Chmv），Which all harm Chrysanthemum, are eliminated effectively. The size of seedling stem tip is relation to the de-virus effect and the survival rate of cultivation. Only the size from 0.3 to 0.5 mm is suitable to use. What kinds of chrysanthemum bud or what time to cut them is quite relation to de-virus effect. The quarantine method by antitoxic serum is suitable to the quarantine of chrysanthemum seedling （cut-flower breeds）virus. The results of cultivation show that compare with common seedling, the de-virus seedling's diameter increase by 19.6％,the cut-flower qualified rate increased by 12.0％. The cut-flower quality is raised obviously.