动眼神经的应用解剖学

APPLIED ANATOMY OF OCULOMOTOR NERVES

目的 :为颅底区手术提供与动眼神经相关的应用解剖学和补充国人体质学资料。材料和方法 :选用正常成人头颅标本 2 1例 (4 2侧 ) ,测量动眼神经的颅段、海绵窦段和眶上裂段的长度和外径 ,观测该神经在海绵窦内与周围结构的毗邻关系。结果 :动眼神经在后床突前外方 6.0± 1 .6mm处入海绵窦 ;在窦的中部 ,位于滑车神经内侧4.5± 2 .1mm。动眼神经在眶上裂内已分成上、下二支的占 86% ,在眶内分支的为 1 4%。结论 :在枕骨斜坡区、海绵窦上缘和蝶骨小翼外下方手术时 ,应特别注意辨认和保护动眼神经。

To provide applied anatomical data of oculomotor nerve for skull base surgery and the data of oculomotor nerve about Chinese constitution. Methods: Twenty one skull cadavers of normal adults were dissected. The length and diameter of skull part, cavernous part and superior orbital fissure part were measured in oculomotor nerve. The relationship between the nerve and adjacent structure was observed and measured. Results: The nerve entered into the cavernous sinus in 6.0±1.6 mm anteriolateral to the posterior clinoid process. The nerve lay in 4.5±2.1 mm medial to trochlear nerve in the middle part of cavernous sinus. 86% of the nerves divided into 2 branches in the superior orbital fissure and 14%, in the orbit. Conclusion: The nerve must be identified and protected in the operation of clivus, cavernous sinus and lesser sphenoid wing.