高频辐射职业危害的探讨

The study of occupational hazards of high frequency radiation

目的 探讨中长波高频辐射对作业工人的职业危害。方法 选取高频淬火机、焊接机、塑料热合机 3类高频设备进行卫生学调查和操作位电、磁场强度监测 ;选择 6 2名作业工人作为研究对象 ,除常规体检外 ,还对其血清环磷酸腺苷 (cAMP)、环磷酸鸟苷 (cGMP)、热应激蛋白 (HSP70 )、淋巴细胞染色体、过氧化脂质 (LPO)、免疫球蛋白含量等多项生物学指标进行了检测。结果 3类设备工人操作位电场强度超标率为 87%以上 ,磁场强度超标率为 2 2 %以上。接触组自觉症状、晶状体混浊眼数与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;焊接组、热合组和淬火组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活力分别为 (71.42± 2 6 .5 2 )、(70 .77± 2 0 .12 )、(71.6 7± 18.87)NU/ml,明显低于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;LPO只有淬火组 [(5 .5 8± 2 .2 5 )nmol/ml]与对照组 [(4.5 1± 2 .0 1)nmol/ml]比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。淬火组和焊接组的免疫球蛋白明显高于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;而热合组只有IgM[(2 .2 3± 1.82 )g/L]与对照组 [(1.35± 0 .47)g/L]的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。接触组cAMP、cGMP等指标与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而两组外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率和HSP70含量?

Objective To explore the occupational hazards by medium and long wave band and other high frequency radiation to the exposed workers. Methods The hygiene of 3 kinds of high frequency equipments(quenching,welding and plastics heat sealing) and electromagnetic field leaking were surveyed in the ways of occupational epidemiology in 24 corporations.HSP70,cAMP,cGMP,chromosomal aberration,LPO,immunoglobulin of biological index in 62 exposed workers were investigated. Result The rate exceeding the standard of electric field strength in operation seat was >87%,and that of magnetic field strength was >22%.There were significant differences in subjective symptoms,lens muddy between the exposed workers and control( P <0.05).The activities of blood GSH Px in quenching,welding and sealing groups were (71.42±26.52)NU/ml,(70.77±20.12)NU/ml and (71.67 ±18.87)NU/ml respectively,significantly lower than that in the control[(97.02±21.76)NU/ml, P <0.05 or P <0.01].LPO in quenching group was (5.58±2.25)nmol/ml,significantly lower than that in the control(4.51±2.01)nmol/ml, P < 0.05. The serum immunoglobulin in quenching and welding groups were higher than that in control( P <0.01),whie IgM in sealing group was (2.23±1.82)g/L,higher than that in control (1.35 ±0.47)g/L, P <0.05.cAMP,cGMP in exposed groups were higher than those in control( P <0.05),but chromosomal aberration and HSP70 were not different between exposed groups and control( P >0.05). Conclusion High frequency radiation could be hazardous to the health of workers.