Scofix器械(脊柱侧凸固定器)的设计与临床应用

Design and clinical application of Scofix instrumentation (fixation apparatus for scoliosis)

目的介绍Scofix器械的结构、原理并观察其临床应用效果。方法Scofix器械由不同型号的开口椎弓根螺钉、开口椎弓根钩、连接棒、阻塞器和横向连接器等组成。在脊柱侧凸稳定区内的各脊椎节段上选择数枚开口椎弓根螺钉行连续或间断固定,通过连接棒进行连接固定,采用撑开、加压或旋转矫正的方法对畸形脊柱进行矫正。共治疗33例脊柱侧凸患者,平均年龄14.4岁。特发性侧凸19例,先天性侧凸14例;术前平均Cobb角分别为70°和68°。根据畸形程度和脊柱柔韧性,采用一次性矫正或分期矫正。结果特发性脊柱侧凸患者,手术后平均Cobb角为29.4°,矫正率为59.1%;先天性脊柱侧凸患者,手术后平均Cobb角为33.3°,矫正率为52.3%。无严重并发症发生。结论根据CD矫正器的原理及国人青少年脊柱结构特点设计的Scofix器械,对脊柱具有撑开、加压及旋转矫正功能,为适用于不同年龄脊柱侧凸患者的内固定器械,其矫正力大,且不占据椎管空间。由于胸椎椎弓根螺钉固定难度较大、风险较高,故应具备一定的技术条件方可使用,必要时可代之以椎弓根钩。

Objective To Introduce the principle, structure and observe the effects of clinical application of Scofix instrumentation. Methods Scofix instrumentation consists of different size of open up pedicle screws, open up pedicle hooks, connecting rods, blockers and devices of transverse connection. The open up pedicle screws can be inserted continuously or intermittently, fixed by the connecting rods in the scoliotic segments, and then distraction, compression and derotation manipulation can be performed to correct the spinal deformity. Thirty three patients were treated with this methods. The average age at surgery was 14.4 years. The mean preoperative Cobb angle in idiopathic and congenital scoliosis was 70 and 68 degrees,respectively. According to the degree of deformity and spinal flexibility, the correction was done at one setting or in stages. Results Postoperative Cobb angle and the corrective rate in 19 cases of idiopathic scoliosis were 29.4°and 59.1%, respectively while in 14 cases of congenital scoliosis the figures were 33.3°and 52.3%, respectively. No severe complications occurred. Conclusion Scofix instrumentation which is designed by the principle of CD instrumentation and in conformity with the spinal structural features of Chinese adolescence has the function of distraction, compression and derotation and can be used for internal fixation of scoliosis in different ages. Because of the high risk and the great difficulty, the thoracic pedicel screws should be used carefully, and can be replaced by pedicle hooks if necessary.