金沙江干热河谷植被恢复的思考

Study on the Restoration of Vegetation in Arid-hot Valleys Along the Jinshajiang River

金沙江下游沿岸海拔 130 0m(阴坡 )～ 16 0 0m阳坡 )为干热河谷 ,根据其环境特点、人工造林成功率低的事实 ,分析指出金沙江干热河谷的自然植被恢复应以稀树灌草为主体 ,因地制宜提出了植被恢复的四个主要途径 :(1)建立水土保持人工生态经济林 ,提高经济和生态效益 ;(2 )封山育草 ,防治坡面侵蚀 ;(3)加强沟谷灌草建设 ,防治沟谷侵蚀 ;(4 )城镇工矿人工生态林草建设 。

The Arid_hot valleys mentioned in this paper are located along the bank of the lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River 1300m(Schaffenseite)_1600m(Sonnendeite)above sea level. Climatic features and historical changes in such valley area determine that sparse arbor shrub tussock is the climax vegetation community of the Arid_hot Valleys along the Jinshajiang River wherein only suitable to shrub and grass, rather than forests. Such condition is determined by the present environment, and it is the result of historical geological evolution. It is proved by the fact that 'planting trees makes no forest' for many years. Based on the features of environment and the fact of successless artificial afforestation, the paper points out that the restoration of vegetation in arid_hot valleys along the Jinshajiang River should be implemented mainly by planting sparse arbor shrub tussock. Four ways to restore vegetation in the area in line with local conditions are given in the paper, such as: (1)Establishing artificial ecological and economical system for water and soil conservation, to raise ecological and economical benefits; (2)Closing hillsides to facilitate grass growing to prevent hillside fields from erosion; (3)Strengthening the construction of gully with shrub tussock to prevent the gully from being eroded; (4)Paying attention to tree and grass planting in towns and mining areas to raise environmentail quality.