超硬磨料在硬脆材料切割中的应用

Application of Superabrasive Tools in Cutting Hard and Brittle materials

本文概述了硬脆材料切割中使用超硬磨料的几种典型切割方法。常用的硬脆材料的切割方法有 :金刚石锯片切割 ,金刚石框架锯切割 ,金刚石带锯切割 ,金刚石串珠锯切割等。这此切割方法各有其特点 ,用途各异 ,也各有其局限性 ,除了金刚石串珠锯外 ,一般都难以切割曲线 ,并且切缝较宽 ,出材率低 ,不适用于贵重材料的切割。本文还比较详细地介绍了较先进的线锯切割的几种方式 ,指出环形电镀金刚石线锯切缝窄 ,特别适合切割贵重的硬脆非金属材料 ,并且切割速度高 ,能充分体现金刚石磨料的卓越性能 ,是应用前景非常广泛的切割方法。

The author summarized several typical cutting methods for hard and brittle materials using superhard materials in this paper. The usual cutting methods for hard and brittle materials are diamond circular saw blade, diamond frame saw, diamond hand saw and diamond bead saw etc. These cutting methods with different characteristics have different application fields and limitations. Generally, they all have difficulties to cut curve surface except diamond bead saw, and the cutting slots are too wide. So they are not fit for cutting expensive materials. Several advanced wire saw cutting methods are also detailed. Electroplated diamond ring wire saw which can cut narrow slot is considered to be fit for cutting expensive hard and brittle materials, and it shows excellent performances of diamond abrasives because of its high cutting speed. So this kind of diamond wire saw has very broad prospect. The author also points out the development direction of hard and brittle material cutting.