水分胁迫下氮磷营养对小麦根系发育的影响

The influence of Nitrogen, Phosphorus nutrition on the root characteristics matters of spring wheat under water stress

通过对3个水分水平下施肥对春小麦根系生理特性影响的研究，结果表明：随着水分胁迫程度的加剧，无论施肥与否，小麦根系均表现出体积减小，干物质积累减少，根系长度缩短，根系活跃吸收面积减小，根系活力下降的趋势，尤其在严重水分胁迫下，这种表现就更加突出。施磷可以提高和增大根体积、根干重、根长度、根系活跃吸收面积和根系活力；而在严重水分胁迫条件下施氮可导致根干重和根体积的明显下降，在轻度水分胁迫下施氮对小麦根系的生长发育有明显的促进作用。在水分胁迫条件下，施用肥料，特别是磷肥，可以明显增强作物对干旱缺水环境的适应能力，提高作物的抗旱性。

：The paper studied the relations between the nutrients elements, N and P, under water stress and root characteristics of spring wheat. The results showed that: the root growth and physiologic characters were closely related with soil water content. Whether fertilizer was applied or not, with the water stress aggravating and developing, root volume, root dry weight, root dry weight, root length, root activity and root actively absorbing area were reduced, especially under heavy water stress, these characters of root system were reduced more remarkably. Application of P nutrition could increase and raise root volume, root dry weight, root length, root activity and root active absorb area under water stress. Application of N nutrition could decrease root volume and root dry weight under heavy water stress, but under light water stress N nutrition could promote root growth and development. These indicated that according to the condition of soil water to applying fertilizers, especially P fertilizer, could strengthen crop suitable ability to dry surrounding and increase crop drought resistance.