平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)子实体对线虫的毒力测定

The Nematicidal Toxicity of the Fruit Bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus

平菇(Pleurotusostreatus)子实体各部分均不能杀死线虫(Panagrellusredivivus,Bursaphelenchusxylophilus) ,但子实体一旦萌发形成菌丝 ,则能杀死线虫。48h时 ,子实体萌发部位的线虫死亡率约为32 % ,并且有的线虫局部解体。生物学测定结果表明 :子实体丙酮和水粗提物均不具有毒杀线虫的活性。来自于相同子实体组织分离 ,于2%CMA培养基25℃培养7d的菌丝处理线虫 ,线虫与菌丝接触1～5min被击倒 ,4～6h成虫死亡 ,48h线虫死亡率达90 %以上。同时 ,该菌菌丝丙酮和水粗提物均能杀死线虫。实验证明 。

The fruit bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus can not infect and destroy neamtodes (Panagrellus redivivus,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), but if the fruit bodies form the hyphae, they can kill the nematodes, with a killing rate of nematodes of 32% within 48h. The result of bioassay showed that the nematicidal activity was not detected in the acetate or water crude extracts form fruit bodies. However, the huyphae from the same fruit bodies cultured on 2% CMA for 7 days can infect, kill and digest the nematodes. When nematodes come in contact with the hyphae, they become immobilized within 1～5 minutes and the adult nematodes are killed within 4～6h. The killing rate of nematodes is 90%～100% within 48h. The hyphal crude toxin extracted with acetate or water can kill the neamtodes. These results confirm that the fruit bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus do not contain nematicidal toxin.