花生种质资源对根结线虫病抗性的稳定性

Stability of Peanut Germplasm Resistance to Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood)

1998～2000年 ,通过病圃重复鉴定、微区接种鉴定和盆栽定量接种鉴定的方法 ,对自然病田筛选入选的花生抗(耐)根结线虫病 (MeloidogynehaplaChitwood)种质资源10份、表现好的特异株系20份及高感病对照材料2份进行了抗性表现稳定性的研究。结果表明 :D015 ,D035 ,D040 ,D099共4份中抗材料和D002 ,D029,D041 ,D049共4份耐病材料表现稳定 ;自然病田中表现高抗的2份资源 ,都表现出稳定的中等抗性水平 ,原来的4份中抗和耐病材料的表现不够稳定 ;而在田间表现出产量性状好、发病较轻的特异株系中只有1份中抗和2份耐病材料入选。抗线性稳定的资源可以用于花生的抗线虫育种 ,但传统抗线性鉴定技术耗时长、受环境条件影响大 ,不能适用于对育种早期世代材料的抗性鉴定与筛选。

During 1998～2000, 10 selected resistant/tolerant peanut germplasms to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) and 20 selected elite lines under natural infested field condition were evaluated for their stability of resistance in artificial nursery garden, microplot trails, and pot inoculation test. The overall evaluation of results indicated that D015, D035, D040, and D099 were middle resistant, and D002, D029, D041, D049 were stable tolerant to peanut root-knot nematode disease. Among the screened materials, two high resistant genotypes in natural field were middle resistant, four of the 8-middle resistant/tolerant genotypes should be middle or high susceptible, and only one middle resistant and two tolerant materials were selected from the 20 elite lines for their stability. The materials with stable resistance were suitable to be utilized in peanut resistant breeding programs. However, traditional nematode resistance identifying methods are subjected to be affected by environment conditions, and need a long period, so new techniques should be developed to identify nematode resistance of peanut in early generation.