苦瓜主要经济性状的遗传效应分析

Genetic Effects Analysis of Economic Characters in Momordica charantia

用苦瓜 3个差异显著的自交系为材料 ,通过自交、杂交和回交 ,获得两个杂交组合 (ZH96 72 81×G96 80 31和ZH96 112 3×G96 80 31)的亲本、F1、F2 、B1和B2 各世代 ,按照数量遗传学理论对其 6个世代群体的第 1雌花节位、单株坐果数、单果质量、果长、果径、果肉厚的遗传效应进行了研究。结果表明 :6个经济性状的遗传均符合加性 -显性效应模型 ,且均以加性效应为主。第 1雌花节位、单株坐果数、单果质量、果长、果径在遗传中表现部分显性 ,有倾大值亲本的现象。果肉厚表现倾小值亲本的负向超显性。第 1雌花节位、单株坐果数、单果质量、果长、果径、果肉厚的狭义遗传力依次为 6 9.2 3%、 6 1.94 %、 6 1.4 6 %、76 .18%、2 8.98%和 35 .0 9%。

The genetic effects of node of 1st female flower,fruit number per plant,individual fruit weight,fruit length,fruit width,pulp thickness in Momordica charantia L.were analysed on the data from the parents,F 1,F 2,BC 1 and BC 2 of two cross as(ZH967281×G968031 and ZH961123×G968031)by using three inbred lines with significant difference.The results showed that genetic patterns of six economic characters all accorded with the pattern of additive dominance and additive effect was major.Node of 1st female flower,fruit number per plant,individual fruit weight,fruit length and fruit width were all positive dominance partially and tended to the larger parent,but pulp thickness was negative hyperdominance and tended to the smaller parent.The narrow heritability of node of 1st female flower,fruit number per plant,individuam fruit weight,fruit length,fruit width and pulp thickness were 69.23%, 61.94%, 61.64%, 76.18%, 28.98%, 35.09%, respectively.