高效脱色菌的特性及其在染化废水厌氧处理中的生物强化作用

The Characteristics of High-efficient Decoloring Strains and Their Bioaugmentation in Anaerobic Treatment of Dyestuff Wastewater

从活性污泥等微生物源中分离、筛选获得 10株高效脱色菌 ,经鉴定其属于Pseudomonas,Bacillus,Xanthomonas,Erwinia ,Alealigenes,Plesiomonas。对艳红染料生产废水脱色试验表明 :最适温度 30℃ ,pH 6 .6～ 8.0 ,湿细胞浓度 2 0～ 30g·L- 1;静置培养 (兼氧 )脱色率高于振荡培养 ;外加NADH、NADPH、易降解有机物和有机废水可强化脱色菌的脱色性能。为实现脱色菌的资源化应用 ,试验将PseudomonasD18,ErwiniaD17,AlcaligenesD19andPlesiomonasD12 4株脱色菌制成混合培养物和固定化细胞 ,分别投加于处理染化废水的厌氧反应器 ,结果发现 :在相同COD负荷、水力负荷条件下 ,投加固定化细胞的反应器 ,其脱色率可提高 5%～ 10 % ,出水苯胺浓度提高 4 0 %～ 6 5%。电镜观察发现脱色菌在胶团内外持留、增殖。

Ten decoloring strains were isolated from activated sludge and characterized .They were identified as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Alealigenes and Plesiomonas, respectively. The optimum conditions for azo dyestuff wastewater decolorization by Pseudomonas strain D 18 were as follows :temperature 30?℃, pH 6.6～8.0, and cell biomass concentration 20～30 g·L -1 The colority removal under static cultivation was higher than that in stirred cultivation. Supplement of easily degradable organic wastewater and NADH/NADPH enhanced the biological decolorization. For application of high efficient decoloring bacteria , free cells and PVC-immobilized cells of mixed culture originated from Pseudomonas D 18 ,Erwinia D 17 , Alcaligenes D 19 and Plesiomonas D 12 were supplemented to anaerobic reactors which were used to treat azo dyestuff wastewater. It was found that colority removal in the reactor supplemented with immobilized decoloring bacteria was increased by 5?%～10?%, aniline concentration in its effluent was also increased by 40?%～65?%, compared to that supplemented with free cells. Observation with EM revealed the retention and growth of decoloring bacteria were happened in external and internal parts of immobilized cell gel. Therefore, the performance improvement of anaerobic reactor was achieved by the enrichment of functional microorganisms and augmentation of involved gene pools.