试论两大法系财产法的差异

On the Differences between Roman Real Law and Germanic Property Law

没有绝对意义的不动产所有权 ,只有绝对意义的动产所有权 ,罗马物权法与日尔曼财产法均是如此 ;两大财产法只存在财产利用方式上的区别 ,而非一以所有为中心 ,一以利用为中心 ;日尔曼财产法中的双重所有权与英美信托制度中的普通法所有权和衡平法所有权都不是罗马法意义上的所有权 ,所谓的“一物多权”只是一种表面现象。两大法系财产法最根本的区别还是一为制定法 ,一为判例法。

There is no absolute land ownership but only absolute movables ownerhsip in either Roman Real Law or Germanic Property Law. There are only differences in propertys utilizing pattern between the two laws and the generally accepted view, that the Roman Law centers on ownership while the Germanic Law on the propertys utilizing, should be clarified. Neither the \!double ownership' in the Germanic Property Law nor the legal title nor the equitable title in the trust system is in the same meaning as the ownership in the Roman Real Law. The so called \!one thing more rights' in the Germanic Real Law is only a superficial phenomenon. The basic difference between the two property laws lies in that the Continental Law is statute law the Common Law is case law. The basic difference is the answer to all the related questions. \ \ [