他史—她史—两性史——站在历史与女性研究的交叉点上看美国西部妇女史的研究

His History—— Her History—— Bisexual History —— See the study of Women's History in the American West at the crossing of History and Feminine Research

美国西部妇女史近半个世纪的探索与妇女研究发展轨迹相当。 70年代受女性主义运动及新社会史、后现代主义等学术思潮的影响，研究者们致力于“她史”。 80年代以后，女性研究的焦点转入社会性别理论，同时强调西部妇女多元文化的历史背景。 90年代以来，女性研究从微观上强调西部妇女的族裔、文化、阶级、职业等的差异，从宏观上强调全新意义上的“两性史”，即要求在一个新的历史基准体系之下对各种妇女群体作出价值评估，并将妇女的历史编入西部历史之中。这一过程将使重写西部历史成为一项必需的事业。

The exploration on the western women's history of United States took nearly half century, which was similar with the expanding track of women's study. The research workers were devoted to the“ Her History” for the effection of academic current of thought, such as the Feminism, the New Social History, the Post Modernism and so on in 1970s. After 1980s the focus of female researeh turned to the social sexual theory, and stressed the western women's multicultural history background simultaneously. From 1990s the female research emphasized the western women's differences in the race, culture, social class, occupation, etc. from microcosmic and the whole newly“ Bisexual History” from macroscopic. The latter required estimating value of various women group and editing women's history into western history. The process would make the rewriting of western history as a neccessary matter.