伏羲 廪君 白虎——巴人族源臆说

FU Xi, Lin Jun, and the White Tiger:Assumptions about the Origins of the Ba Nationality

本文根据有关历史典籍、神话传说以及口碑材料指出 :巴人为伏羲后裔 ,其先祖后照南迁至巴陵 ,号为巴人 ;因尧、舜、禹三代连续不断地攻伐三苗 ,被迫西移至鄂西长阳武落钟离山。巴氏子务相与四姓争神获胜 ,被立为廪君。其后 ,廪君率其族继续西移 ,射杀盐神、君乎夷城 ,建立巴国。巴人之族徽由鸟而蛇而虎 ,最终以白虎为图腾。同时 ,本文对白虎图腾的象喻意义进行了详尽的分析 ,认为白虎图腾以其祥瑞、骁勇、善变、凶残等图语对巴人产生了巨大的影响 ,致使在其势力范围内的不同区域出现了崇白虎、赶白虎。

In light of relevant historical books and records, myths, legends, folk tales, this essay makes an inquiry into the origin of the Ba nationality. It suggests that the Ba nationality is the descendant of FU Xi; its ancestor Hou Zhao moved southwards to Baling and thus the Ba nationality came into being. Later on, they had to move westwards to Changyang where to the throne came Lin Jun, who led his people further westwards and set up the Ba country. Its emblem changed from the bird to the snake, and then to the tiger, and eventually took the white tiger as its totem. This essay also makes a detailed study of the symbolic meanings of the totem and their significant effects upon the Ba nationality. It explains why the white tiger was worshiped in one place within the country but exorcized or even killed in other places.