论新时期现实主义文学的三种精神类型

On the Three Spiritual Types in RealisticLiterature for the New Period

大陆新时期现实主义文学创作，从主体意识到文本表现都出现多样化并构成复杂状态。从现实主义基本审美原则出发，考察新时期现实主义文学主要有三种精神类型；理想性现实主义，批判性现实主义，个人化现实主义。分析不同类型的精神特征和文本表现，可以认为现代现实主义客观世界的描述已不追求“形似”而重在透视生活本质的“神似”。这在新时期现实主义文学中也有明显体现。

The literary creation in the mainland of China for the new period is characteristic of a complex state of affairs, being varied ranging form subject consciousness to expression of texts. An observation made in the fundamental principle of realism would reveal that there exist in realistic literature for the new period three spiritual types: ideal realism, critical realism, and personalized realism. On the basis of an analysis of features of different spiritual types and expression of texts, it may be said that modern realism has no longer aimed at a 'likeness in appearance', but at a 'likeness in spirit' with stress on seeing through the essense of life. This is clearly incarnated in realistic literature for the new period.