摘要
五四新文化特别受俄国文化影响并产生了影响中国发展走向的多重复杂效应，今天应该对此反思并予以评估。五四接受俄国文化首先是基于对其情感上的认同，但寻找并强调中俄文化的“相似性”是为了更好地输入俄国启蒙主义文化，大量译介现实主义文学名著和有关理论，使五四极为受益也导致对俄国文化基本层面的误读，即引发五四不是在学理上认真分析后接受更有恒久性价值的俄国人文主义文化，而是热衷于吸收革命民主主义和无政府主义等思想，并由此影响马列主义接受的质量；拒绝同期俄国自由主义文化，也就进一步强化接受俄国的实用性和激进主义，并进一步促进五四整体性(totalistic)反传统主义行为及20世纪绵延不断的反传统文化思潮。
That was because of the approval to the feeling of Russ ian culture that the culture was accepted in the May 4th Movement.In order to im port Russia's enlighten culture,the acceptance emphasized the similarity betwee n the Chinese and Russian culture.At the same time,so many related theories and famous works of realistic literature were translated that benefitted the May 4t h Movement a great deal and misread the basic level of Russian culture. This res ulted in the total acceptance of the thoughts of revolutionary democratism and anarchism,not the acceptance of the permanent humanistic culture on the basis o f careful analysis of academic theory.And this also impaired the quality of the acceptance of Marxism-Leninism. On the other hand,the refusal of the liberal cul ture implied the intensive acceptance of pragmatism and radicalism and brought a bout a great advance in anti-traditionalistic action and anti-traditional cultu ral trend of thought which goes on continually in the 20th century.
