“十七年”文艺批评述评

Review on Seventeen Years' Literary Criticism

“十七年”文艺批评进程曲折,面貌复杂。新中国成立初期,文艺整体环境较为宽松,文艺批评寻求着科学理性精神,但受“一体”文艺思想制约,批评开始向政治斗争异化。50年代中后期,既有科学理性精神的高扬,又有科学理性精神的横遭践踏,科学理性与政治异化双重变奏的态势更为明显。60年代初至“文革”前夕,文艺批评在阶级斗争语境中力图自救,最终又别无选择地成为政治斗争的工具。

The course of Seventeen Years?literary criticism is tortuous and the physiognomy is complicated. It seeks the scientific and rational spirits when the whole environment of literary and artistic criticism is not very stringent during the initial foundation period of new China. However, it began to alienate towards political struggle because of the restriction of the idea of 揂n organic whole? In mid-late 1950s? the scientific rational spirits were disseminated, and at the same time trampled wantonly. From the early 1960s to the eve of the 揅ultural Revolution? the literary and artistic criticism struggled to save itself in the circumstances of class struggle but became means for political struggle without any choice.