软权力:美国霸权的挑战与启示

SOFT POWER: the Challenges and Suggestions from American Hegemony

冷战后美国“一家独霸”成为国际战略格局的突出特征 ,但我国对美国霸权的研究却基本上仍停留在冷战前的水平上。“软权力”研究为剖析美国霸权的特性提供了一个新的切入点。与以经济和军事实力为主要内容的“硬权力”不同 ,“软权力”是价值观念、生活方式和社会制度的吸引力和感召力 ,是建立在此基础上的同化力与规制力。美国“软权力”在冷战后的迅速扩张加剧了全球化进程中的“美国化”现象 ,同时也改变了大国之间竞争的方式和主题 ,从而对其他国家 ,包括其他西方大国 。

the Sole Hegemony of the United States becomes the prominent mark for the strategic situation after the Cold War, but the research in China on the American hegemony is basically staying on the level before the end of the Cold War. The studying of the “soft power” opens a new point for exploring the nature of American hegemony. Different from the “hard power” such as economic and military establishment, the “soft power” means the attractiveness and inspiration of the values, life style and social arrangement, and the capability of the assimilation and rule-making based on them. The fast expansion of the “soft power” after the Cold War promoted the “Americanization” in the process of the globalization, changed the way and the subject of the power competitions, and put an historical challenges to all of the major countries, including the Western ones.