试论刘邵《人物志》的人才思想

A Trial Argumentation on the Ideas about Talents in Liu Shao's Ren Wu Zhi

《人物志》是我国历史上第一部人才学专著。作者从“才性”这一哲学命题入手 ,论证了人物品鉴的可行性 ,系统全面地阐述了国家机构选才用人的问题。提出了才能与德行并重、聪明与平淡兼备的人才标准 ;扬长避短、人尽其才的用人原则 ;“八观”、“五视”的识人方法 ;以及建立合理的人才结构的治国构思等。它的人才思想 ,在今天仍具有借鉴意义。

Ren Wu Zhi is the first special works on the theory of talent in the history of China.Beginning with a philosophical proposition on the character of talent,Liu Shao,the author,demonstrated the possibility of the recognition and evaluation of talents,and he thoroughly and systematically expatiated upon the problem about the selection and using of talents for the government office.He put forward the proposal on talent standard:paying equal attention both to the ability and morality,and to the wisdom and generality of a person.He put out the principals of using talents:developing their good qualities and avoiding their shortcomings and making full use of them.He found the methods to recognize a talent:observing and judging a person from eight different aspects and five ways.He also talked about his concept of establishing a reasonable talent structure for governing the state.The talent theory of the book is still a useful reference even for today.