从《诗经·国风》中的婚恋悲歌看周代社会

The Zhou Dynasty as Reflected in the Sad Melodies of Matrimony and Love Songs of The Book of Songs·Guofeng

《诗经》时代处在我国奴隶制社会向封建社会转变的重要历史时期。随着男性在家庭乃至整个社会中地位的上升而建立起来的宗法制度，以及这种制度下的种种和教法规，是造成女性生存危机和婚恋悲剧的主要原因。《诗经·国风》中为数不少的婚恋悲歌，作为一种文学体现，在一定程度上反映了时代历史的真实状况。从礼俗文化的角度对其进行深入的探析，有助于了解并认识周代的婚姻制度和社会状况。

The era of The Book of Songs was in the transitional period of historical significance from the slave society into the feudal society. The patriarch system established on the uprising of the family and social status of men, and the feudal dries of ethics and rules under the patriarch system were the main cause of the survival crise, the matrimony and love tragedies of women. As an artistic embodiment, quite a few sad melodies of matrimony and love in The Book of Songs·Guofeng reflect to some extent the real historical situation. And therefore,an in-depth analysis from the cultural viewpoint of etiquettes and customs will help us to understand the matrimony system and the social situation of the Zhou Dynasty.