论语境在语用研究中的核心地位

On the Core Position of the Context in the Study of Pragmatics

语境就是使用语言的环境，在语用研究中占有核心地位：（１）中外学者对语用学下的定义尽管多种多样，但大都是从语境这一因素出发；（２）从语用学的研究内容和范围如语用含义、语言环境、前提关系、言语行为诸方面看，语境也是最重要的。衡量语用成功与否的标准是话语的意义是否恰当、得体，是否准确地表述了说话人的意愿，为听话人接受、理解。

The context, as an environment in which the language is used, plays a core role in the study of pragmatics: (1) although the definitions given by both Chinese and foreign scholars for the pragmatics are different, their studies almost start with the context; (2) the context is regarded as important from the study content and scope of pragmatics. including implications of language use, language environment, premise relations and language behaviors, etc. The criterion of whether the language use is successful or not is just on the basis of whether the meaning of the discourse is proper or not, and of whether it exactly expresses the speaker's wishes to be made understood by the listeners.