西方三大文艺观局限分析——否定主义文艺学之一

Limitation of the Three Western Literary Theories

否定主义文艺学用来分析西方文艺观局限的尺度 ,是中国当下文学创作受各种现实约束的问题。针对这个问题 ,“艺术即摹仿”暴露出艺术低于或优于现实、艺术必须遵从“必然规律”、艺术源泉和知识源泉相割裂的弊端 ;“艺术即表现”暴露出不能解决中国作家表现主体和自我的素质贫困、一般性表现和创造性表现的差异问题 ;“艺术即形式”则暴露出形式的非个体化、抽象化和对象化之局限。

The standard adopted by the negativist literary theory for the analysis of the limitations of Western literary theories is a problem reflecting the various constraints on contemporary Chinese literary creation. The theory that “art means imitation' has such problem as placing art either below or above life, subjecting art to the “absolute law', and separating the fountain of art from the fountain of knowledge. The theory that “art means expression' shows such problems as the inability of Chinese writers to express themselves, the poor qualifications of writers, and the difference between ordinary expression and creative expression. The theory that “art means form' reveals the failure to make form personal, abstract and objective.