朱弁“体物”的诗学思想与其诗歌创作

Zhu Bian's Poetry ldea of “Object Describing” and His Poetry Creation

朱弁是南北宋之际的诗论家、诗人 ,他的《风月堂诗话》是一部在中国美学史、中国文学批评史上都有重要理论价值的诗论著作。《诗话》作于朱弁羁留金朝期间 ,多是记载作者南渡前在新郑时与友人谈诗的回忆 ,借以寄托作者的故国之思 ,其中颇富论诗独见。朱弁论诗宗旨 ,首在于自然浑成 ,不以用事为高 ,而主张诗人以“体物”的方法在大自然和客观事物中直接获得审美体验 ;朱弁还非常崇尚雄奇刚健的诗歌风格 ,而又认为应该达到浑涵汪茫的艺术境界。他评价黄庭坚所说的“用昆体功夫 ,而造老杜浑成之地” ,是在诗学史上颇富理论创见的命题。朱弁在诗歌创作上也有重要的成就。从长期羁留北国的宋朝士人的角度出发 ,朱弁诗有着“亲历”、纪实的特点 ,同时又深刻细微地呈现了诗人内心那种深沉而勃动着的精神天地。从艺术上看 ,他的创作极少使事用典 ,得之自然 ,多用白描手法 ,但句律严整 ,下字坚实 。

Zhu Bian was a poet and poetry critic living in the ancient time of South and North Song period.His works Feng Yue Tang Comments On Poetry is considered as a very important piece of works in the histories of Chinese aesthetics and Chinese literature criticizing.The works is mostly about the memory of Zhu Bian's discussions on poetry with his friends at Xinzheng before he went to the north in Jin Dynasty.He expressed his homesick for his motherland in the works,which was full of unique thoughts about poetry.Zhu Bian believed that a poem is valuable for its images get directly from the natural world and reality,but not for the fantastic quotations from the classics.He also sang high praise for the powerful and magnificent poetry stul;.Zhu Bian was a talented poet himself and contriobuted greatly to Chinese poetry creation as well.