秦简《日书》与秦汉社会的生命意识

The Awareness of Life in the Qin and Han Dynasties Shown in Rishu (A Diary for Divination Carved in Bamboo Slips)

本文根据睡虎地秦简《日书》和秦汉文献史料，系统阐述了秦汉时代优胜劣汰、自强不息的生命意识，其中包括秦汉社会对男女婚配体质、年龄谐调的重视；对授精受孕时间季节的选择；对胎养、胎教、幼育及新生婴儿的把握与抉择等。并揭示了秦汉社会的优生意识的时代价值特征。

Based on Rishu, A Diary for Divination carved in bamboo slips in the Qin dynasty, which was unearthed in Shuihudi, Yunmeng County, Hubei Province, and other historical documents of the Qin and Han dynasties, this paper discusses a series of problems such as people's life awareness of survival of the fittest at that time, theirefforts to become stronger, their special attention to people's good physique and ideal age for marriage, their selection of time and season for impregnation, the significance of prenatal influences and the ways of breeding and taking care of newborn babies. The paper ends with the revelation of the characteristics of eugenics in the Qin and Han dynasties.