公正:以德治国的最重要原则

Justice: the Key Principle of Running a Country

以德治国的最重要原则是公正 :一方面 ,每个人因其最基本的贡献完全平等———每个人一生下来便都同样是缔结、创建社会的一个股东———而应该完全平等地享有基本权利 ,这是“完全平等”的公正原则 ;另一方面 ,每个人因其具体贡献的不平等而应享有相应不平等的非基本权利 ,也就是说 ,人们所享有的非基本权利的不平等与自己所做出的具体贡献的不平等之比例应该完全平等 ,这是“比例平等”

The most important principle of running a country is justice. On the one hand, since every individuals basic contribution is absolutely equal, he must equally enjoy his or her basic rights. This is the justice principle of “absolute equality”. On the other hand, because every individuals particular contribution is different, he has accordingly to accept non basic rights of inequality. In other words, the non basic rights of inequality one has to accept is in proportion to the different contribution he or she makes. This is the justice principle of “equality of proportion”.