贫富差距的合理性及其限度

On the Rationality of Spread between the Poor and the Rich and its Limits

贫富差距的合理性具有量和质的双重蕴涵。在量的意义上 ,这一合理性主要由差距大小、拉距速度的适当性 ,富裕家庭或人口的相对比重所构成 ;在质的意义上 ,则主要表现为致富资源的可选择性、致富手段的正当性、贫富关系的非对抗性。所有这些合理性都是有限度的 ,这些限度是可以运用一定方法和指标进行测定的。我国贫富差距合理性所面临的主要挑战 ,是致富手段的非正当性和贫富发展趋向的两极性。应对这一挑战 ,需要开征遗产税、继承税和赠予税 ,设立个人收入帐户 ,实行个人财产申报和个人信用等制度 。

The rationality of spread between the poor and the rich has double meaning of quantity and quality.The proper distance of the spread and the time and the number of the rich can be regarded as the rationality in the meaning of quantity.Meanwhile the selectivity of resources,the justice of action in the process of making a fortune and the cooperative relationship between the poor and the rich can be regarded as the rationality in the meaning of quality.All these meanings of rationality have their reasonable ranges which can be measured.The main challenges to the rationality in our country are the problems of how to make a fortune in a proper way and what should be done to avoid division of society into opposing extremes.As a solution,the tax for bestowal and inheritance should be levied,personal income account should be set up,the system of personal property declaration and personal credit should be instituted,and the rights and interests of employees should get legal protection.