魏建功早期语言学习考略

An Investigation into Wei Jiangong's Language Learning in His Early Life

1919年9月 ,魏建功考入北京大学 ,得到李大钊、鲁迅、胡适、钱玄同、刘半农、沈兼士、马裕藻、黎锦熙等的教诲 ,后经多方磨炼 ,刻苦钻研 ,终成语言研究大师。但许多论著却忽略了另一重要的基本事实 ,即在进北大前 ,他在如皋初级师范兼中学附属两等小学堂、如师本科预科、江苏省立第七中学、如皋县立师范学校读书期间 ,已有十年语言学习的艰苦历程 ,师从了众多著名语言学家 ,为其进北大后的学习 ,为其一生的语言研究打下了坚实的基础。认真回顾和总结魏先生家学渊源、十年语言学习师承经过、参加社会活动情况 ,对语言学研究史的撰写必有助益 。

Since September, 1919 when he was admitted to Beijing University, Wei Jiangong was a disciple successively of Li Dazhao, Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Qian, Xuantong, etc., and eventually became a master in the field of language research after many years effort. However, one fact that has been once and again neglected in many works is that Wei Jiangong had had ten years of language learning experience before he entered Beijing University. When he was learning in Rugao Elementary Normal School, or Attached Primary School, junior school of Rugao Normal School, No. 7 Middle School of Jiangsu and Rugao Normal School, he studied under a great many eminent linguists. This helped to lay a solid foundation for his later learning in Beijing University and his lifelong research on languages. A careful examination and summation of Wei Jiangong's family background, ten years of his learning experience and his participation in social activities will provide insights for the ambitious youth learners today.