金沙江干热河谷生态环境退化成因与治理途径探讨(以元谋段为例)

Preliminary Investigation on Degradation Causes and Harness Approaches of Eco environment in Dry and Hot Valley,Jinsha River—A Case from Yuanmou Region

生态环境退化是指由于人类对自然资源过度以及不合理利用而造成的生态系统结构破坏、功能衰退、生物多样性减少、生物生产力降以及土地生产潜力衰退、土地资源丧失等一系列生态环境恶化的过程和现象 ,其严重阻碍着社会经济的持续发展 ,威胁着人类的生存和发展 ,因此 ,生态环境退化已引起各国政府和学者的重视。本文初步调查了金沙江干热河谷典型区 (无谋段 )生态环境退化的特点 ,认为恶劣的自然条件以及植被破坏、不良耕作、过度放牧等人为干扰是该区生态环境退化的主要原因 ,生态意识薄弱是生态破坏的重要原因 ,经济落后是生态环境破坏的最根本原因。在此基础上 ,探讨了退化生态环境的治理途径。

Eco environmental degradation which seriously hinders the sustainable development of social econony and threatens the srvival and development of human beings could be defined as the process and phenomenon of a series of eco environmental degradation such as structural destruction and functional recession of ecosystems,decrease of biodiversity and bio productivity, recession of land production protential ,and loss of land resources resulting from natural resources over and irrationally used by human beings. Therefore,eco environmental degradation has brought every govemment's and ecollgist's attention.Characteristics of eco environmental degradation of the typical region in Dry hot Valley of Jinsha River is investigated in this paper. It is suggesed that adverse natural condition and artificial interference such as vegetation desruction harmful cultivation,and overgrazing are the mainreasons of eco environmentral degradation ,weak ecological consciousness is the important reason of eco environmental damage,backward economy is the most basic cause of eco environmental destroyiny.On the basis of these reasons as above,harness approaches on degraded eco-environmental are discussed.