新型作训鞋及其对踝关节损伤防伤性能的研究

MEW SHOES FOR MILITARY TRAINING AND ITS PROTECTIVE FUNCTION

通过对部队训练伤的流行病学调查发现,踝关节为最易损伤的部位之一。训练伤的月发生率为3.55％～5.89％,其中最多发生在外侧副韧带(71.79％),尤其是距腓前韧带。为了提高鞋对足踝部的保护作用,我们依据载荷踝关节内外侧副韧带的生物力学实验数据,设计制作了一种新型作训鞋。鞋底外侧比内侧高,坡度3°;后比前高,坡度5°,足弓垫高7～10mm。经部队近万名官兵3个月的现场试穿,重复流行病学调查,结果实验组3个月踝关节损伤总发生率为2.9％～15.2％(平均8.8％);对照组为18.5％～49.3％(平均30.7％),其保护率为79.5％。

A comprehensive survey of the epidemiology of injuries in military training shows that the ankle is one of the most frequently injured joints (with an injury rate of 3.55-5.89% per month). Most ankle injuries (71.79%) involve the lateral malleolus, and the anterior talofibular ligament is the most frequently injured site. In order to improve the protective effects of shoes, and according to the data provided by biomechanic experiments on the interior and exterior ligaments of the ankle joint, we have produced a new kind of military training shoes. The lateral aspect of the sole is made higher than the medial, resulting in a slope of 3 degrees, and the posterior higher than the anterior to form a slope of 5 degrees. The plantar arch is padded 7-10mm higher. After three months of experimental use by nearly ten thousand officers and soldiers, the total ankle injury rate in a duration of three months is 2.9-15.2%(8.8%), while that of the control group is 18.5-49.3% (30.7%). Therefore the protection ratio is 79.5%.