早产儿支气管肺发育不良症的早期诊断和治疗

Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature

目的 探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良症 (BPD)的早期诊断和治疗。 方法 对 1994年 1月～ 1999年 1月在我院 NICU住院的 12例 BPD患儿的发病、临床诊断和应用地塞米松治疗进行观察和总结 ,并对所有患儿在出院后 6～ 12个月内进行了随访。 结果 经用地塞米松治疗 ,12例患儿全部治愈出院 ,住院时间 31～ 6 7(5 0± 14) d。随访 1年 ,11例预后良好 ,1例仍反复呼吸道感染。BPD是患呼吸窘迫综合征 (RDS)的极低出生体重儿应用机械通气治疗后的常见合并症。患 RDS的早产儿中 ,发生 BPD者 ,其胎龄及出生体重明显低于未发生 BPD者 (P<0 .0 0 1) ;而其机械通气的最高吸气峰压和吸入氧浓度亦明显高于未发生 BPD者 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 对易感儿在治疗过程中应严密观察临床征象和辅助检查 ,尽早做出诊断 ,及时应用地塞米松治疗可取得较好的效果。

Objective To explore the early diagnosis and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature. Methods Observing and analyzing the onset ,diagnosis of BPD and the outcome treated by dexamethasone in 12 cases that were hospitalized in NICU during the period from January 1994 to January 1999.The follow up study was done for 6 to 12 months after their discharge. Results All of these 12 infants treated by dexamethasone were cured and discharged. The time period of hospitalization was 31 to 67(50±14) days. The one year follow up study after discharge showed that the prognosis of 11 patients were good, only 1 infant suffered from repeated respiratory tract infection. Conclusion Careful observation on clinical manifestations and lab work should be done to those premature babies who suffered from BPD easily for early diagnosis. The early application of dexamethasone in infants with BPD showed perfect results.