阿托品对鸡形觉剥夺性近视的作用

Effects of atropine on form deprivation myopia in chick

目的 :建立形觉剥夺性近视模型 ,观察阿托品能否抑制近视的发生并进一步研究阿托品抑制近视发生的作用机制。方法 :出生后 2d的海兰鸡使用半透明塑料眼罩进行右眼单眼遮盖。随机分成 3组 ,每组 10只。其中 2组遮盖眼分别进行结膜下注射阿托品和生理盐水 ,单纯遮盖组不作任何治疗。 14d后测定单纯遮盖组、阿托品治疗组和生理盐水对照组的结果并衡量药物的效果。结果 :单纯遮盖组遮盖眼与阿托品组遮盖眼比较眼球明显增大。阿托品组遮盖眼的屈光度、眼轴长度和赤道径与单纯遮盖眼比较差异均有显著性。阿托品治疗组与生理盐水对照组比较眼轴长度和屈光度差异均有显著性 ,而赤道径比较差异无显著性。结论 :早期形觉剥夺可导致近视的发生 ,阿托品可以完全阻止形觉剥夺性近视的发生 ,其可能的作用机制是阿托品直接作用于巩膜而抑制近视的形成。

Aim: To establish the chick model of form deprivation myopia(FDM) and observe whether the muscarinic anagonist atropine can effectively reduce or prevent FDM and study its pathway in intraocular. Methods: Chicken were monocular deprived (MD) by placement of a translucent goggles over the right eye in the 2nd post natal day. They were randomly divided into 3 groups. Chicken in 2 groups received a series of subconjunctival injections of atropine or saline respectively with MD. The control group didn't receive any treatment. After 14 d, the effects of MD subconjunctival injections and drug effectiveness were assessed. Results: The eyeball of MD chicken in MD group enlarged more obviously than that of atropine injected MD chicken. The significant differences in refraction and axial length were found between atropine injection MD chicken and saline injection MD chicken ( P <0.05) while no differences in equatorial dimensions were observed between the 2 groups. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that early form deprivation leads to ocular enlargement and myopia. Muscarinic antagonist atropine prevents FDM. The mechanism of atropine may be that it acts on sclera directly.