烟台海难援救军人PTSD发生的影响因素分析

Influencing Factors of PTSD in the Shipwreck related Military Rescuer in Yantai

目的 :了解影响海难援救军人的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)发生的相关因素 ,探讨影响其发生的危险因素及其作用。方法 :采用PTSD自评量表、症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )、生活事件量表 (LES)、艾森克问卷 (EPQ)和自行编制的涉及应激事件强度和人口学等因素的调查表 ,在海难事件后 1个月对参与善后援救军人进行调查 ,并分析统计其影响PTSD发生的相关因素。结果 :PTSD的得分高低与能否获取经济帮助、对上级领导工作方法和善后处理的满意程度、善后处理中打捞和目睹的尸体量呈显著负相关 ;与生活事件评分、善后处理中抢救幸存者的数量和EPQ的N得分呈显著正相关 ;PTSD得分与SCL -90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、阳性症状均分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和附加因子量表分均呈显著正相关 ,而与阴性症状项目数呈负相关。结论 :该海难事件是一强烈的应激事件 ,PTSD发生率高 ,LES量表分和EPQ的N量表得分与PTSD严重程度密切相关 ,可望通过改善上级领导工作方法和善后处理方法 ,积极争取支持 。

Objective: To study the influencing factors of PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) and their impact on military rescuer of shipwreck Method: 39 shipwreck related military rescuers were investigated by self-organized questionnaire and PTSD self-rating scale with CCMD-2-R criteria after one month of the rescue Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Life Event Scales (LES) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) were also administrated at the same time Results: The significant factors impacting on PTSD included economical support in disadvantage, satisfaction with attitude of leader in work, satisfaction of deal with problems arising from the accident, stress scales in the rescue process, LES, N score of EPQ, and SCL-90 Conclusion: The occurrence of PTSD has significant correlation with social support, stress degree, LES, N scores and results of SCL-90