微囊化细胞移植的研究进展

The advantage of transplantation of microencapsulated cells

微囊技术为组织 /细胞移植开辟了新途径 ,它有效地避免了移植后的免疫排斥反应 ,并解决了移植物来源稀少的问题。微囊的包裹材料有多种 ,以海藻酸钠—多聚赖氨酸—海藻酸钠 (APA)应用最为广泛 ,可通过提高其生物相容性 ,从而减弱免疫排斥反应。微囊具有良好的免疫隔离作用 ,体现在对免疫活性细胞及部分细胞因子的阻挡作用 ,使移植物能存活下来并能发挥其功能。目前对微囊化人工细胞的研究取得了很大的进展 ,特别是基因工程细胞日益成为研究的焦点。微囊技术是一新兴的、尚需进一步改进的技术 ,它在异体组织

A large number of potential medical applicatio ns of microencapsulated cells have been developed.Microencapsulated transplantatio n is a possible approach to overcome problems of human organ donor shortage in t ransplantation.Alginate-polylysine-alginate membranes have shown good qualitie s on protection,biocompatibility,and semipermeability.Alginate microcapsules pro vide effective protections against immune destruction,so it is important to deve lop immunoisolation systems for transplantation of xeno-or allografts.Some meas ures have been taken to prolong allo-or xenografts survivals.It is clear that t ransplantation of mammalian cells and genetically engineered cells encapsulated has been widely applied to treat some diseases,such as diabetes and other disord ers resulting from dysfunction of native cell systems.