浅论地下经济活动的效率甄别

On Discriminating the Efficiency of Underground Economic Activities

“地下经济”通常被称为非正式经济活动 ,如果从制度经济学的角度来解释地下经济 ,那么 ,它并不是一种完全消极的经济活动。如何厘清地下经济的积极方面和消极方面呢 ?本文为此将地下经济分为三种类型 :抗争型、投机型和中型地下经济活动。其中抗争型地下经济活动是对政府不合理规制的抗争 ,是效率顽强生存的重要手段 ,而投机型地下经济活动则是利用规制缺口获取非法利益的手段。所以并非所有的地下经济都必然会破坏效率 ,政府打击的对象应是投机型地下经济。对地下经济进行分类有助于政府洞察政策的得失。

The“underground economy”is usually termed as informal economic activities,and it is not purely negative as economists assumed from an aspect of institutional economics.To specify the difference between the positive activity and negative one of underground economy,the author decomposes the underground economy into three types,i,e.,resistant one ,speculative one,and neutral one.The resistant activity is one that is resistant to some unreasonable regulations issued by government and it is helpful to improving efficiency,while the sepculative is the one that takes advantage o institutional flaws to make profit illegally.It follows that the underground economy as a whole does not seem necessarily harmful to efficiency and the speculative one should become the target government aims at.The proper classification of underground economy is useful for the government to judge its policy.