绍兴市居民的膳食营养分析

Analysis of dietary nutrition of Shaoxing inhabitants.

[目的]为了解绍兴市区居民膳食营养状况,探讨对高血压患病率的影响。[方法]采用WHO MONICA(中国MONICA)方案的方法和标准,在市区抽取年龄在25～75岁常住5a以上的居民173人,进行24h膳食回忆调查,连续3d。[结果]绍兴市区居民人均每日摄入主要营养素占RDA(中国营养学会推荐供给量标准)的百分比:能量84％,蛋白质100％,碳水化合物符合RDA,脂肪、食盐高于RDA;营养素摄入来源的百分比:能量来源于谷类48％,干豆类6％,畜禽类14％,水产类5％;蛋白质来源:谷类30％,干豆类11％,畜禽类25％,水产类19％。脂肪来源:动物性占37％,植物性占63％;能量供给比:蛋白质15％,脂肪27％,碳水化合物58％;超重肥胖率[(BMI)≥25]达33.7％,高血压患病率34.7％。[结论]随着生活水平的提高,绍兴市区居民的膳食结构已进入动植物食品并重的“混合型”。脂肪的摄入量偏高,由于高科技生产力的发展,人们的劳动强度下降,体能消耗减少,超重肥胖率增高对高血压患病率有明显的影响。

[Objective]To investigate the dietary nutritional status of Shaoxing inhabitants and its effect on the morbidity rates of hypertension. [Method]Who MONICA(China MONICA) method was adopted to randomly select 173 Shaoxing inhabitants ranging from 25 to 74 years old to be investigated. Their diet in 3 days were recorded and analyzed. [Result]Shaoxing inhabitants' daily nutrition intake in comparison with RDA are: energy intake is 84% .protein intake is 100% ,carbohydrate intake conform to RDA, fat and salt consumption is higher than RDA. Source of nutrition: cereal30 % , dry legumes 11% , poultry and meat 25 % , aquatic products 5 % . Energy supplies: protein 15 % , fat 27 % , carbohydrate 58 % . The obesity rate[ (BMD ≥ 25) ] is 33 .7 % and the morbidity of hypertension is 34.7% . [Conclusion]With the developing of people's living standard, the dietary structure of Shaoxing inhabitants becomes a mixed one in which meat and vegetable are both emphasize. Less intense work and less energy consumption led to the rising of obesity rate which has an effect on hypertension morbidity.