作坊式铅作业工厂职业危害及对周围儿童的影响

Occupational damages of lead factories and its effect on children nearby.

[目的]了解作坊式铅作业工厂的职业危害、受铅污染儿童体格发育情况和对病原的易感性。[方法]现场劳动卫生学调查,选取经济水平相当的非污染区、年龄结构相同的儿童为对照组进行比较。[结果]作业工人铅中毒发病率55.5％(25/45);周围儿童身高、体重指标低于对照组,儿童学期病假率2.2％,显著高于对照组(P<0.01);感冒发病相对危险度3.35倍。[结论]工业区存在严重铅职业危害,周围儿童体格发育受到影响,对病原的易感性增加。

[Objective] To study the occupational damages of lead factories, infected children' s growing situation and pathogenic chromatophilia. [Method] Select same - aged children from non - polluted areas as contrasted group and compare them through labor hygiene survey. [Result]Lead poisoning rate in the workers was 55.5% (25/45); infected children's height and weight are lower than that of the contrasted group; children s sick leave rate was 2.2% which was clearly higher than that of the contrasted group(p,0.01); relative fatal rate of cold was 3.34 times of the contrasted group. [Conclusion]Serious occupational lead damage exists in industrial areas,which causes bad effect on children s body that makes a higher chromatophilia towards pathogeny.