三维水平井轨道设计

TRAJECTORY PLANING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL HORIZONTAL WELL

在水平井设计中，通常是先设计出水平段，然后再设计着陆点以上的井段。水平段的设计主要是以满足地质条件和勘探开发要求为目的，其设计方案一经确定，着陆点的位置和井眼方向以及水平段的井眼轨道形态就被确定下来；而上部井段的设计则更多地是体现钻井工程的需要，这种限定了目标点井眼方向的井眼轨道设计，在数学模型上相当于增加了约束条件，因此增加了问题的难度和复杂性。文中应用自然曲线模型，提出了具有普遍适用性的三维水平井轨道设计方法，其工程意义简洁、明确，适用于水平井的各种剖面，并给出了设计实例。

In horizontal well planing, the horizontal interval is usually initially planed, and then followed the interval above the landing point. When planing the horizontal interval, consideration is mostly taken on the geological conditions and exploration and developments, wile it to much consideration for the drilling operation in the upper interval. Once the plan is determined, then the location of the landing point, hole direction, and the horizontal plot is fixed. The conventional trajectory planing method which limit the hole direction of the target section makes it more difficult and complicated. A universal three-dimensional trajectory planning method using the natural curve model is presented, it is more simple and specific for drilling operation, and suitable for various horizontal profiles. The example of trajectory planning by this method is also given.