水工混凝土的受力状态与磨损

Stress and wear of hydraulic concrete

文章分析在高速含沙水流冲击作用下 ,水工混凝土表面受力状况与磨损的关系。水工混凝土壁面在不同冲击条件下 ,由于受力状态不同而产生不同的磨损机制 ,小角度冲击 ,表面切应力起主要作用 ,磨损类似于塑性材料的表面划伤机制 ,磨损相对较轻 ,可以用合适的数学模型描述。随着冲击角度的增大 ,接触表面的拉应力逐渐起主要作用 ,磨损最终呈现脆性材料的压印破坏机制 ,磨损过程较为复杂 ,磨损严重。

In this paper, the relation between the stress on the surface of hydraulic concrete and the corresponding wear is analyzed when the hydraulic concrete was impacted by the high speed water jet with sand. The different stresses on the hydraulic concrete surface due to different impact conditions can result in different wear mechanisms. When the impact angle of the water jet is small, the shear stress on the surface plays a main role, the wear mechanism is graze, similar to the wear of plastics. In this case the wear is slight and can be described by a proper mathematical mode. With the increase of the impact angle of the water jet,the tensile stress on the surface gradually takes the main role, and the wear presents finally the indentation damage mechanism as in brittle materials, and the wear process is more complex,resulting in serious wear.