美国全球变化研究计划实施进展与研究展望

A CHIEVEMENT OF USGCRP OVER THE PAST DECADE AND PERSPECTIVES FOR USGCRP FOR THE DECADE AHEAD

美国全球变化研究计划 (USGCRP)自成立以来的 10年中 ,取得了丰硕的研究成果 ,也面临新的挑战。列举了自 1990年以来尤其是近几年来USGCRP的主要成果与贡献 ,其中在国家评估、厄尔尼诺—南方涛动的预测、全球温度记录、过去 10 0 0年中最温暖的时期、北美碳汇、温室气体增加与臭氧损耗、臭氧损耗评估、大气污染物的长距离输送、海洋分析、热带测雨卫星、雷达卫星、火灾监测、SeaWiFS、全球环境变化信息服务等方面取得的成绩尤为显著。剖析了USGCRP在未来

The U.S Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) has been implemented for 10 yrs, and so many achievements were carried out. The paper reviewed some main progresses which were made by USGCRP over the past decade. These achievements were made in the following fields: National Assessment, El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forecasting, global temperature record, warmest period in at least 1000 years, north America carbon sink, greenhouse gas increase and ozone depletion, assessment of ozone depletion, long-range transport of air pollution, ocean analysis, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), Radarsat, fire monitoring, SeaWiFS, and global environmental change information service. Goals and Objectives for USGCRP in the coming decade were indicated in this paper. In the decade ahead, USGCRP will strengthen the researches on the following fields: understanding the Earth's Climate System, biology and biogeochemistry of ecosystems, composition and chemistry of the atmosphere, paleoenvironment/paleoclimate, human dimensions of global change, the global water cycle, carbon cycle science, observation/monitoring/data management.