难选铜锌铁多金属硫化矿两步浮选法的研究

A NEW TWO-STEP FLOTATION PROCESS FOR TREATING REFRACTORY Cu-Zn-Fe SULPHIDE ORE

某铜锌铁多金属硫化矿含有较多的次生硫化铜(高达40％),受采场酸性废水的影响,浮选实践证明闪锌矿难以抑制,分选指标不高。根据浮选基础研究和工艺矿物学原理,结合研究对象,认为黄铜矿存在两部分粒子(1部分为天然可浮性好的粒子,另1部分为可浮性差的粒子),闪锌矿也存在两部分粒子(1部分为非氰抑制剂能抑制的粒子,另1部分为非氰抑制剂难抑制的粒子).由此导出两步浮选法的构想,提出铜、锌均两步浮选法。文中还阐述了用两步铜锌浮选法处理这种难选矿石的实验室研究和工业实践,结果令人满意。工业试验获得铜精矿含铜19.3％,含锌2.5％,铜回收率84.6％;锌精矿含锌51.7％,回收率高达80.7％;硫精矿含硫34.8％,回收率80.2％的好指标。伴生金的回收率由原来的26％提高到38％。此外,还介绍了混合精矿在非氰抑制剂存在下进行较长时间搅拌的措施对其分离十分有利。

After flotability studies on Cu-Zn-Fe sulphides in an ore which is contaminated by the acidic wastewater in an underground mine from time to time, and in which the content of secondary copper sulphides is about 40% of the total copper content, it is proved that separation of sulphides in this ore is very difficult. It is also discovered that the copper sulphides in this ore are possibly divided into two groups of different natural flotability, the sphalerite also has two groups of different flotability whether they can be suppressed by non-cyanide depressants. Therefore, a new concept of two-step flotation process to treat this refractory Cu-Zn-Fe sulphide ore is formulated. Characteristics of the two-step flotation process are described in detail. The two-step Cu-Zn flotation process has successfully been tested both in laboratory and in production. This process could produce a final total copper concentrate (grade of 19.3% Cu and 2.5% Zn recovery of 84.6% for Cu), a zinc concentrate (grade of 51.7%Zn, recovery of 80.7% for Zn) and a iron sulphide concentrate (grade of 34.8% S, recovery of 80.2% for S) in industry. A new effective method for separating the Cu-Zn-Fe sulphide bulk concentrate is also introduced.