玉米自交系辐照效应的研究

THE EFFECT OF ^(60)Coγ-RAYS IRRADIATION ON MAIZE SELF-BRED LINE

用 2 0 0Gy6 0 Coγ射线辐照玉米自交系黄早四干种子 ,引起玉米自交系各性状的较大变异。M1表现出明显的辐射生理损伤效应 ,M2 、M3的质量性状未发现有明显的变异 ,但生育期、株高、穗位高、穗长等数量性状出现较高的突变频率 ;M3开始出现黄、白化苗、矮生株等隐性突变和雄性不育株 ,同时在粒色上也产生了有明显变异的个体。再次证明异花授粉作物的辐射诱发突变导致M2 形成杂合的植株 ,而诱发突变大多为隐性的 ,需在M3纯合后才表现出来 ,M4 代测交种试验结果表明 ,自交系经辐照后 ,有选择出高配合力个体的可能。

The seeds of Huangzaosi were irradiated with 200Gy 60 Co γ ray and the radiation physiological damage existed obviously in M 1.There was no obvious variation in quality character of M 2 and M 3,but the frequency of mutation of some quanity characters such as growth duration,plant height,ear position height and ear length were very high.The sterile male plant and recessive mutation such as albino seedling and short stature type as well as seed color variation appeared in M 3.The results showed that the recessive mutation exits in M 2 and the pure phenotype appears in M 3, and it is possible to obtain maize material of high combining ability by irradiation.