粮田土壤磷、钾养分的垂直分布特征

Vertical Distribution of in the Soil of Grain Crop Fields Phosphorus and Potassium Nutrients

本文研究了粮田土壤磷、钾养分垂直分布特征。结果表明 ,0～ 2 0 cm土层 N( NH4 +- N)、P、K、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu等主要养分速效含量明显高于 2 0～ 4 0和 4 0～ 60 cm土层 ,其中 0～ 2 0 cm土层 P含量数倍高于 2 0～ 4 0和 4 0～ 60 cm土层 ,显示磷肥应尽可能深施 ,以提高下部土层 P素肥力 ,2 0～ 4 0和 4 0～ 60 cm土层养分含量差异不大。不同施肥措施对上部土层 ( 0～ 2 0 cm) P、K等养分含量有较明显影响 ,而对下部土层 ( 2 0～ 4 0和 4 0～ 60 cm) P。

Vertical distribution of soil phosphorus and potassium nutrients was studied in soil profiles selected from Yutian county, Hebei province. The results showed that soil available N, P, K, Mn, Zn, Fe and Cu contents in 0~20cm layer were significantly higher than that in 20~40 and 40~60cm soil layers. Soil P contents in 0~20cm layer were several times higher than that in 20~40 and 40~60cm soil layers, suggesting a deep placement of phosphate fertilizer to improve soil P status below plow layer. There was not notable difference for soil available nutrient contents between 20~40 and 40~60cm layers. Results from nutrient monitoring sites indicated that fertilizer application practice showed a remarkable influence on available P and K contents in 0~20cm layer, but no significant effect on available P and K contents in 20~40 and 40~60cm soil layers.