不同湿黑球温度下军事劳动时的适宜饮水量

THE SUITABLE AMOUNTS OF WATER INTAKE DURING MILITARY LABOUR UNDER DIFFERENT WET GLOBE TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

本文依据在不同 WGT 下进行中、重强度劳动时人体的出汗反应以及 WGT与出汗量之间的相互关系,提出比较适合于我军在热环境下劳动时使用的补水量参考值,以增强人体耐热能力,预防中暑的发生。114名健康战士在平均 WGT26.2～31.1℃下受试。实验过程分别测定了 WGT、出汗量、心率、肛温等。结果提示:(1)WGT 与出汗量、蒸发汗量之间存在着非常显著的相关关系,WGT 的变化能相应地反映热环境下劳动者的出汗及其汗液蒸发情况;(2)不同 WGT 下推算中、重强度劳动时的适宜饮水量公式分别为:(?)(L/h)=(0.09762WGT(℃)-2.01938)×80%、(?)(L/h)=(0.10342WGT(℃)-2.00330)×80%;(3)中、重强度下劳动,WGT26.0～32.0℃时的饮水量参考值为0.415～0.962L/h。

We tried to suggest suitable amount of water supplement for men working at moderate and heavy intensity in hot-humid environments by studying the relationship between WGT and sweat rate.114 physically fit,male volunteers were divided into two groups,54 sub- jects for moderate work and 60 for heavy work.In the experiments,the subjects marched at two speeds of 5 and 6km.h^(-1) with a backpack of about 20 kg(33% of body weight) under various WGT conditions ranging from 26.2 to 31.3℃.Physiological parameters such as sweat rate,heart rate,rectal temperature etc were measured. The results showed that (1) there are close relationships between WGT and sweat rate or evaporative sweat rate:(2)the computative formulas of drinking water are:water intake (L/h)=[0.09762 WGT(℃)-2.01938]×80% and water intake(L/h)=[0.10342 WGT (℃)-2.00330]×80% for moderate and heavy work respectively:(3)the amounts of water intake are from 0.415 to 0.962 L/h for moderate and heavy work under different WGT conditions (26-32℃).